Evaluation of Corporate Sustainability in Terms of Financial Performance: An Empirical Study

Abstract

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Sustainability is the new popular expression, creating a need to change business procedures across all undertakings. The significance of sustainable and mindful assumption methodologies has fundamentally increased because of the rising perception concerning natural strength and financial advancement of nations. This article aims to deal with basic idea of sustainability, core elements and inter-relationships between different significant factors of a particular company. This study considers six parameters: social; economic; environmental; product responsibility; labour practices and decent work; and human rights. To analysis the result of the study, last five years (2017–2021) data of Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL), a Maharatna Company, have been taken. For the purpose of the study, four financial factors—turnover of the company, profit after tax, earnings per share (EPS), return on capital employed have been considered dependent factors. On the contrary, five sustainable factors, that is, total environmental expenditure, GHG emission, GHG savings, energy consumption and energy savings—have been taken as independent factors. Based on the analysis of these factors, impact of the sustainable performance of GAIL on its financial performance has been assessed. During this study, the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world, which had a great impact on the business of every company as reflected in their financial performance. To evaluate the interrelationship between two considerable factors, it is found that, to some extent, financial factors are dependent on sustainable factors, or that it is quite evident that financial factors change due to the changing trends of sustainable factors.

Keywords: Sustainability, Environment, Financial Factors, Sustainability Factors, Maharatna Company

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