Demographic Influences on Organisational Citizenship Behaviour: The Role of Age and Gender

Abstract

This study examines the influence of demographic factors, specifically age and gender, on organisational citizenship behaviour. While citizenship behaviour is widely recognised for its positive impact on organisational performance, the role of demographic characteristics in shaping these behaviours remains underexplored. This research aims to bridge this gap by analysing how age and gender differences affect employees’ discretionary behaviours in the workplace. A quantitative research design was adopted, drawing on survey data gathered from knowledge workers (employees from EdTech sector) of India. The statistical techniques such as confirmatory factor analysis, t-tests, ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test were used to assess the influence of demographic factors on citizenship behaviour. The findings indicate that both age and gender significantly impact the citizenship behaviour level, with employees between the age group of 35 to 45 exhibiting highest level of citizenship behaviour and from the perspective of gender, females exhibiting higher citizenship behaviour in comparison to their male counterparts. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the role of demographic factors in shaping citizenship behaviour, offering valuable insights to managers for strategies related to workforce management, leadership development, and diversity-oriented initiatives.

Keywords: Organisational Citizenship Behaviour, Demographic Factors, Age, Gender, Knowledge Worker

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