An Overview of Therapeutics to Fight against Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis is a public health hazard throughout Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific, where many people have been affected and many have died as a result of the virus’s spread. The vaccinations that function against different age groups and the quantity of dosage necessary for the formation of antibodies against this virus were the subject of this review. We also concentrated on the creation of antiviral medicines. Azadirachta indica is a medicinal plant, and four compounds (Kulactone, Nimbolide, Gedunin, and Ohchinin acetate) from it have been found to have significant binding affinity for the virus’s RdRp protein. Oubain and Digoxin, FGIN-1-27, Cilnidipine, Niclosamide, Genistein, Herbimycin A, and PP2 have all been shown to bind to JEV targets with high affinity. However, these proteins are involved in the replication and stability of the replication complex, non-structural and structural proteins are the key targets for the development of therapies against this virus. These medicines may have a critical role in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific area in reducing JEV FOI. Furthermore, the permeability of the blood-brain barrier following JEV infection is also a problem. Inflammation of the CNS caused by Interleukins and other cytokines is also considered an important target for JEV therapies.

Keywords: Blood brain barrier, CSF, Drugs, Epidemiology, Inhibitors, Japanese encephalitis, RNA, Vaccines.

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