Effects of Heavy Metals on Renal Function: A Mini Review

Abstract

This extensive study provides a synopsis of the kidney health effects of lead, cadmium, and arsenic. Kidney damage is caused by these metals. These include oxidative injury, inflammation, and structural deterioration of renal tissue. These processes involve complex molecular and cellular pathways. Metals that exhibit synergistic effects elevate the likelihood of nephrotoxicity and a decline in renal function. The function of environmental exposure and the significance of interaction effects in chronic renal diseases are illuminated by regional studies. Analyses of the response to exposure to nephrotoxic metals indicate that they induce kidney stones and severe renal complications. Strategies for stratifying populations illustrate the intricate relationship between exposure patterns and a variety of health outcomes. Due to the severe health effects of heavy metal exposure, stringent monitoring and control measures are required to mitigate health hazards. Subsequent research ought to concentrate on the cumulative impacts of heavy metals, early indicators of nephrotoxicity, and remedies based on regional exposure patterns. Each duty ought to be completed. Our results establish a fundamental basis for public health interventions aimed at safeguarding the renal well-being of a heterogeneous populace in light of the enduring peril of heavy metal exposure.

Keywords: Environmental exposure, Heavy metals, Kidney health, Nephrotoxicity, Oxidative stress, Public health.

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