Department of Political Science, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
This paper, aims to analyse the relationship that exists between artificial intelligence (AI) and climate science, focusing on the opportunities and the risks that new technologies could open up for global governance. This research seeks to review how AI technologies can help solve climate change challenges effectively and how they can be harnessed with an eye on the potential risks and ethical considerations in implementation in global governance frameworks. The approach used in this study is through literature review, case studies, interviews of experts, and analysis of the policies developed that find the increasing tendency of utilization of AI applications in climate science from climate modelling to data analysis, predictive analysis, and policy recommendation. Key findings of the study underline the great opportunities that AI can create toward bettering climate resilience, mitigation, and adaptation strategies. AI would also have a great contribution to supporting the governance of the climate for evidence-based decision-making. Moreover, the research also highlights risks and challenges of how AI is used in global governance: concerns related to privacy, data protection, algorithmic biases, transparency, accountability, and socio-economic impacts. These, therefore, have far-reaching implications for policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in climate governance that point to the necessity of ethical AI frameworks, regulative measures, international cooperation, and interdisciplinary approaches so that the benefits and the associated risks to AI are minimized.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Climate science, Global governance, Opportunities, Risks.
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