This study presents a comparative analysis of Human Resource Information System (HRIS) adoption in flexible versus traditional work systems across Indian industries, synthesizing evidence from 20 empirical studies conducted between 2015 and 2025. The analysis spans six major sectors – including IT/ITES, manufacturing, banking/finance, healthcare, telecom, and the public sector – examining HRIS implementation trends, challenges, benefits, and outcomes in each. Key findings indicate that technology-driven flexible workplaces demonstrate proactive and strategic HRIS usage to support agility and distributed work, whereas traditional on-site workplaces often implement HRIS more gradually, initially focusing on operational efficiencies. Common challenges across both contexts include inadequate IT infrastructure, user resistance, insufficient training, and limited top-management support. Despite these barriers, HRIS adoption is widely associated with improved decision-making, higher employee productivity, cost savings, and better work-life balance for employees, especially when integrated with flexible work practices. Flexible organizations leverage HRIS to enable remote HR management and analytics for a dispersed workforce, while traditional firms are increasingly recognizing HRIS’s strategic value in the post-pandemic digital era. The study underscores the importance of organizational readiness, inclusive change management, and ongoing user training for successful HRIS outcomes. Comparative insights reveal that work system context influences the pace and focus of HRIS adoption, offering implications for both practitioners and researchers in optimizing HRIS use across diverse work environments.