Hindustan Unilever had a mercury thermometer manufacturing plant in Kodaikanal, a hill station in India. The factory dumped the toxic industrial waste of mercury into the surrounding forest and water bodies. The improper handling of toxic materials inside the factory premises resulted in chronic health issues for the employees. Though the plant was closed, the massive wastage in the residential and surrounding forest areas remained uncleaned. The workers’ issues should have been attended to. This case describes the prolonged battle between social activists and HUL employees for compensation and justice for the environmental degradation caused by the factory. The case draws its theoretical perspective from the ‘open system approach’ to discuss IR related concepts such as safe and healthy working conditions, human rights, environmental responsibility, recycling waste efficiency, and business ethics.